Ideal Technology Concept & its Realization Opportunity using Nanotechnology

International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM) www.ijaiem.org

Volume 4, Issue 2, February 2015 ISSN 2319 – 4847

Published February 1, 2015

• Aithal P. S. ¹
• Shubhrajyotsna Aithal²

Email: editor@ijaiem.org

Description

Technology has affected society and its surroundings in a number of ways. In many societies, technology has helped to develop more advanced economies (including today’s global economy) and has supported the rise of a leisure class people. The concept of ideal engine, ideal switch, ideal semiconductor devices like ideal diodes, transistors, etc. have been defined and taken as standards to improve the quality and performance of such practical devices or systems. It is found that, by keeping such hypothetical device or systems in mind, researchers have continuously improve the characteristics/properties of practical devices / systems to upgrade their performances. Hence ideal properties of a device or a system can be used to upgrade or improve its properties towards reaching 100% efficiency. By comparing the properties/characteristics of a practical device/system with its ideal counterpart, one can find out the possible modifications in that device /system towards reaching the objective of achieving such an ideal device. In this paper, we have developed the concept of Ideal technology by creating a model and identified its important characteristics. These characteristics are grouped under four categories namely input conditions, output conditions, system conditions and environmental conditions/social expectations. These characteristics are further discussed, analyzed and compared with present technologies. Based on the discussion, it is realized that many of the characteristics of ideal technology are achievable through discoveries and innovations in Nanotechnology. Finally, the characteristics of this ideal technology model are compared with nanotechnology developments and the possible way of realizing the nanotechnology as ideal technology are discussed.

Keywords: Ideal technology, Ideal technology model, Characteristics of ideal technology, Nanotechnology

1. INTRODUCTION

Technology is the making, modifying, using, and knowing of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, and methods of organizing them in order to solving a problem, improving a pre-existing solution to a problem, achieving a goal, handling an applied input/output relation or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures. Technologies considerably affect human beings and other animal species‘ ability to control and adapt to their natural environments. Technology has affected society and its surroundings in a number of ways. In many societies, technology has helped to develop more advanced economies (including today’s global economy) and has supported the rise of a leisure class people. The concept of ideal gas, ideal engine, ideal switch, ideal fuel, ideal semiconductor devices like ideal diodes, ideal transistors, ideal amplifiers etc. have been defined and taken as standards to improve the quality and performance of such practical devices or systems. It is found that, by keeping such hypothetical device or systems in mind, researchers have continuously improved the characteristics/properties of practical devices / systems to upgrade their performances. Hence ideal properties of a device or a system can be used to upgrade or improve its properties towards reaching 100% efficiency. By comparing the properties/characteristics of a practical device/system with its ideal counterpart, one can find out the possible modifications in that device /system towards reaching the objective of achieving such an ideal device [1].

The Characteristics of an ideal fuel are (1) The fuel should have high calorific value, (2) The fuel should have proper ignition temperature. (3) The rate of combustion should be balanced and moderate. (4) The content of non-volatile substances should be as low as possible. (5) There should be no poisonous or residue by-products on combustion. (6) The fuel should be easily available in plenty. (7) The fuel should be available at a low cost. (8) There should be convenience in transporting the fuel and should be easily storable [2]. An ideal gas is an hypothetical theoretical gas composed of many randomly moving particles that do not interact each other except when they collide each other elastically. The ideal gas concept is important and useful because it obeys the ideal gas law, a simplified equation of state, and is amenable to analysis under statistical mechanics. (1) The molecules of an ideal gas do not attract one another. (2) The molecules of an ideal gas repel one another. (3) The volume of the ideal gas molecules is negligible compared to the volume of the container. An ideal operational amplifier has properties like (1) Infinite input resistance, Zero output resistance, (3) Zero offset voltage, (4) Infinite bandwidth (5) Infinite common-mode rejection (6) Infinite open-loop voltage gain, and (7) Infinite Slew rate so that the output voltage changes occur simultaneously with the input voltage change. Similarly, ideal fabric is the fabric which satisfies the three conditions, good hand, good appearance of suit, and mechanical comfort for wear.

In this paper, we have developed the concept of Ideal technology by creating a model and identified its important characteristics. These characteristics are grouped under four categories namely input conditions, output conditions, system conditions and environmental conditions/social expectations. These characteristics are further discussed, analyzed and compared with present technologies. Based on the discussion, it is realized that many of the characteristics of ideal technology are achievable through discoveries and innovations in Nanotechnology. Finally, the characteristics of this ideal technology model are compared with nanotechnology developments and the possible way of realizing the nanotechnology as ideal technology are discussed.

2.IDEAL TECHNOLOGY

Technology is the branch of scientific knowledge that deals with the creation, application and use of technical means and their interrelation with human life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as engineering, applied science, pure science and industrial arts. Many technological processes generate unwanted by-products, which give rise to pollution, and deplete natural resources, to the detriment of Earth’s environment. Implementations of new technology influence the culture and values of a society and often raises new ethical questions. For example, the rise of the notion of efficiency and effectiveness in terms of human productivity, a term originally applied only to machines is now became common traditional norms [3].

To improve any present systems in the society, it is normal practice that such systems have to be compared with an hypothetical, predicted system of that kind called „Ideal system“. The word ‘Ideal system’ refers to the system which has ideal characteristics i.e., perfect in every way. It is what the mind pictures as being perfect. The concept of ideal engine, ideal switch, ideal voltage source, ideal current source, ideal semiconductor devices like ideal diodes, ideal transistors, amplifiers etc. have been defined and taken as standards to improve the quality and performance of such practical devices or systems. It is found that, by keeping such hypothetical devices or systems in mind, researchers have continuously been improving the characteristics/properties of practical devices / systems to upgrade their performances. Hence ideal technology model is essential to plan the improvement in the performance of any practical technology. The model of ideal business by considering it as a system is proposed by identifying its input conditions, output conditions, environmental/market conditions and system requirements are studied and a suitable practical online business model to realize ideal business model is identified and discussed [4]. Similarly, Ideal Education System model is also proposed by considering its various characteristics under Input conditions, Systems requirements, Output conditions and Environmental & social conditions. These characteristics are analyzed with an objective to achieve the goal and the possibility of realizing Ideal Education System through Online Education using E-education model is discussed [5].

Based on Ideal business model and ideal education model framework, in this paper we made an attempt to develop a conceptual ideal technology model by considering it as a system and identifying various characteristics of the system. Similarly, the concept of ideal technology can be predicted as a technology which can solve all basic needs of human beings and provide luxurious comfortable life without affecting the society and environment. Ideal technology should have characteristics in order to elevate the quality of life to unique level with perfect equality so that every human being in this universe should lead happy and comfortable life and realize the so called concept of heaven on earth.

3.IDEAL TECHNOLOGY MODEL

An ideal technology system should have characteristics to fulfill its objectives to solve all problems of human beings including both basic needs and advanced gadgets to support comfort living to realize their dreams. Based on various factors which decides the ideal technology system characteristics, a model consisting of input conditions, output conditions, environmental conditions and system requirements are derived by a qualitative data collection instrument namely focus group method [6, 7]. The block diagram of such a system is shown in Figure 1.

3.1 Input Conditions

1. Manipulate the fundamental nature of matter to provide solutions to basic and advanced problems of mankind.
2. In-expensive & self reliable in terms of resources to make it attractive to be used by people/countries of varied
   economical situations.
3. Ubiquitous so that the technology provide solutions and services at anytime, anywhere, any amount of time to the
   users.
4. Affordable to everybody so that it uses common materials available in nature and manipulate effectively to the
   need of human being at affordable cost

3.2 Output Conditions

1. Solve basic needs like food, drinking water, renewable energy, clothing, shelter, health and clean environment.
2. Provide comfort life to the users by providing solutions to their desires.
3. Equality ; ideal technology provide equal opportunity and similar solutions to every user irrespective of their
   gender, religion, background, education, economic status, and country of origin.
4. Automation; ideal technology automate all processes in every type of industries to avoid human interference in
   work/control in order to provide expected output based on programming.
5. Immortality is the ultimate goal of ideal technology so that it can create an avenue for deathless situation or
   enhancement of human life span.

3.3 System Requirement

1. General purpose technology to support all fields and problems of human & living beings on the earth.
2. Self-directed & self controlled & self regulated so that the technology can control itself in order to achieve its goal. 3. Easy, simple, quick & user friendly to solve all type of problems and to provide quick ideal solution.
3. Scalable so that it is used for solving small and simple problem to large and complex problems of life.
4. Omni-potent to identify and solve problems and provide comfortability to human being and feeling him like God. 6. Exploring new opportunities to improve and explore comfortability and further leisure in life of people.
5. Infinite potential for further development of life in the universe.

3.4 Environment Conditions

1. Maintain clean environment through its processes and avoids foot print of processes while achieving specific function.
2. Infinite business opportunities by creating new products / services with ideal characteristics. 3. Adaptive to any situations to achieve stated goal.
3. No side effects so that it should be safe for users, and environment.

Any technology which has the above properties/characteristics is considered as ideal technology and the conventional technologies have serious drawbacks/limitations in terms of the above properties.

4. ANALYSIS OF IDEAL TECHNOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS

Ideal Technology characteristics can be explained based on their effectiveness in improving the qualities and comfortability of human life in the society. The characteristics mentioned in ideal technology model are depicted in figures 2 – 5 and further discussed below :

4.1 Input Conditions

Manipulate the fundamental nature of matter :
Ideal technology manipulated fundamental nature of matter. This include Four Interactive Forces Manipulation, and Unified Field Manipulation. The ideal technology is able to control the four interactive forces of Strong Force, Weak Force, Electromagnetism and Gravity all in one. Ideal technology allows user to control four fundamental forces of the universe, reaching nearly any effect they desire. As a result, the user can rearrange matter to create other configurations and can even transmute elements and manipulate space-time to a degree by using gravity to distort them. Hence, ideal technology helps to manipulate the fundamental nature of matter to provide solutions to basic and advanced problems of mankind.

In-expensive & self reliable in terms of resources :
Any technology should be cheap, simple, universal, self reliable in terms of resources so that can be used by anybody, anywhere with available basic resources. One of the examples of such technology is Appropriate technology which is an ideological movement (and its manifestations). Though the nuances of appropriate technology vary between fields and applications, it is generally recognized as encompassing technological choice and application that is small-scale, decentralized, labor-intensive, energy-efficient, environmentally sound, and locally controlled [8]. Schumacher and many modern-day proponents of appropriate technology also emphasize the technology as people-centered [9]. Appropriate technology is most commonly discussed in its relationship to economic development and as an alternative to transfers of capital-intensive technology from industrialized nations to developing countries [9,10]. Today appropriate technology is often developed using open source principles, which have led to open-source appropriate technology (OSAT) and OSAT has been proposed as a new model of enabling innovation for sustainable development [11]. Such property of technology makes it attractive to be used by people/countries of varied economical situations.

4.2 Output Conditions

1. Solve basic needs :
Science and technology are essential means of meeting society’s needs for food, water, energy, health care, shelter, safety and alleviation of poverty. Technology is produced through the existence of the „scientific establishment“, formed by the group of institutions, persons and resources directly involved in the production of new knowledge accordingly to certain „internal“ rules and procedures. Basic human needs to lead comfortable life constitute a major worldwide shameful problem in the twenty first century. In contrast to the dazzling scientific advancement in fundamental and biomedical science there exists at the other end of the spectrum a formidable picture of unmet basic needs leading to serious health problems. Currently people in underdeveloped and developing countries are suffering from poor quality of life because of (1) Food shortage and malnutrition. (2) Unsafe drinking water. (3) Improper or absent sanitation system. (4) Poor or absent Health Care. (5) Overcrowding or shelter deprivation. (6) Primitive ineffective education. (7) Weak or absent social security. Those problems are localized in underdeveloped and developing countries in contrast to being nearly unknown in developed ones. The gap between people who enjoy such services and the people who are not is astronomically widening. Lack of scientific social and technologic development is recognized as the root causes of that disparity in the quality of life and living conditions. Hence ideal technology should have capability to solve basic needs like food, drinking water, renewable energy, clothing, shelter, health and clean environment.

2. Provide comfort :
Technological development offers new possibilities to make people’s daily lives more healthy, safe, understandable, independent, fun and comfortable. New technologies provide us, for instance, with energy-friendly and sustainable solutions to improve the environment in which we live as well as tools for elderly people to live longer on their own. Furthermore, new technologies provided us with new means of communication and entertainment. Examples are smart phones, ambient intelligence and smart homes, online shopping and communities, 3D television and renewable energy technologies like hydrogen technology and biomass. In the historical accounts of engineers, comfort is generally presumed to be a definable human condition or attribute, with each new innovation bringing society closer to the achievement of ideal indoor conditions. Starting from a different set of assumptions, social historians take comfort to be a malleable construct and social achievement. Ideal technology through its ingredients provide comfort life to the users by providing solutions to their desires.

3. Equality :
Technology provides equal opportunity to everybody in terms of identifying and en-cashing opportunities throughout the world. Thus ideal technology also should provide equal opportunity and similar solutions to every user irrespective of their gender, religion, background, education, economic status, and country of origin.

4. Automation :
Automation or automatic control, consists of using various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery in industries, boilers and heat treating ovens, processes in factories, switching in telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, controlling aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. Ideal technology automate all processes in every type of industries to avoid human interference in work/control in order to provide expected output based on programming.

5. Immortality :
Immortality is eternal life or the ability to live forever. Biological life have inherent limitations which medical interventions or engineering may or may not be able to overcome. Nature in its natural selection has developed potential biological immortality in some living species like jellyfish. Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers, have theorized about the immortality of the human body, and advocate that human immortality is achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century, while other believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs into an indefinite future. It is predicted that newly developing technologies may be used to induce biological immortality in human beings. Human embryonic stem cells research created considerable excitement for the development of mass-producing replacement cells for the treatment of degenerative diseases involving the loss or dysfunction of cells, including those in osteoarthritis, macular degeneration, heart failure, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, and several other disorders. The preliminary report of the isolation of these cells marked the birth of the new area of research called regenerative medicine. This technology offers the theoretical potential of rejuvenating an entire human body back to a youthful state. Hence immortality is the ultimate goal of ideal technology so that it can create an avenue for deathless situation or enhancement of human life span.

4.3 SystemRequirement

1. General purpose technology :
General-purpose technologies (GPT) are technologies that can affect an entire economy of the world. GPTs have the potential to drastically alter societies through their impact on pre-existing economic and social structures. Steam engine, railroad, interchangeable parts, electricity, electronics, material handling, mechanization, automation, the automobile, the computer, the Internet and the mobile phone are few examples for GPT. Thus, as GPT’s spread throughout the economy, bringing about generalized productivity gains. Ideal technology should be general purpose technology in order to support all fields and problems of human & living beings on the earth.

Self-directed & self controlled & self regulated :
Ideal technology is expected to be self-directed, self-controlled and self-regulated so that the technology can control itself in order to achieve its goal. Changes in any parameters due to internal or environmental variations should be readjusted through feedbacks and automatic controls.

Easy, simple, quick & user friendly :
User-friendly describes a hardware device or software interface that is easy to handle. It is „friendly“ to the user, meaning it is not difficult to learn or understand by an ordinary person. The common attributes of such user friendly technology are (a) simple, a user-friendly interface is not overly complex, but instead is straightforward, providing quick access to common features or commands. (b) clean, a good user interface is well-organized, making it easy to locate different tools and options. (c) intuitive, in order to be user-friendly, an interface must be make sense to the average user and should require minimal explanation for how to use it. (d) reliable, an unreliable product is not user- friendly, since it will cause undue frustration for the user. A user-friendly product is reliable and does not malfunction or crash. These features allow to solve all type of problems and to provide quick ideal solution.

Scalable :
Scalability is the ability of a system, network, or process to manage a growing amount of work in a capable manner or its enlarged ability to accommodate such growth. For example, it can refer to a systems capacity to increase its total output under an increased load when resources are added. It also refers to anything whose size can be increased. For example, a font is said to be scalable if it can be represented in different sizes. Scalability is the ability of a system based on technology it uses so that it is used for solving small and simple problem to large and complex problems in the society.

Omni-potent :
The noun omnipotence describes having an enormous amount of power, or even an infinite amount of power. Omni- potent technology has an ability to solve problems of many and multiple areas. Hence it can identify and solve problems and provide comfortability to human being and feeling him like God.

Exploring new opportunities :
The technological opportunity discovery (TOD) can be divided into two types: anticipating new technology and applying existing technology to solve basic and advanced problems. Ideal technology should focus on exploring new opportunities to improve and explore comfortability and further leisure in life of people.

Infinite potential for further development :
An ideal technology has ability to expand to all realm of the society and all branches of science. It should show its existence in solving problems of physical, chemical and biological areas. Through its innovative ability of improving quality of human life, it has infinite potential for further development of life in the universe.

4.4 Environmental Conditions

Maintain clean environment :
Environmental technology or clean technology is the application of one or more processes of environmental science, green chemistry, model and conserve the natural environment and resources, environmental monitoring and electronic devices to monitor, and to curb the negative impacts of human involvement in environmental pollution. Clean technology includes recycling, renewable energy, green transportation, electric motors, lighting, grey water, information technology, and many other appliances that are now more energy efficient. It is a procedure to create energy in the form of electricity and fuels, with lower environmental footprint and minimise pollution. Thus ideal technology maintain clean environment through its processes and avoids foot print of processes while achieving specific function.

Infinite business opportunities :
New technology creates new business opportunities in many areas depending upon its ability to solve problems provide innovative solutions in different areas in the society. When considering the characteristics of ideal technology, it should offer infinite business opportunities without any boundaries and constraints by creating new products / services with ideal characteristics.

Adaptive :
Another aim of this technology is to make the devices so advanced that they can sense the changes in the surrounding and environments and change themselves accordingly. This way, they become adaptive enough to function as per the necessary changes and preferences.

No side effects :
In addition to its intended benefits, every design is likely to have unintended side effects in its production and application. On the one hand, there may be unexpected benefits. For example, working conditions of the workers may become safer when materials are molded rather than stamped, and materials designed & developed for space vehicles may become useful in consumer products. On the other hand, substances or processes involved in production work may harm production workers or the public in general giving rise to side effects ; for example, sitting in front of a computer for long period may strain the eyes and lead to isolation from other employees. There may be enhanced opportunity and increased employment for the people involved in the new technology, which in turn decreases employment for others involved in the old technology. This may change the nature of the work people must do in their jobs. But ideal technology should be free from all such kind of side effects so that it should be safe for users, and environment.

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Wellcome Trust: A Long-Term Perspective

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3659690/

The Rockefeller University Navigation Program: A Structured Multidisciplinary Protocol Development and Educational Program to Advance Translational Research

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4074027/

Sworn Statement by Hedley Rees

Below is my sworn statement that any lawyer can have, and more if required. It begins with an MHRA Blog by David Churchward (1), now Global Head of Sterility Assurance, Cell & Gene Technologies at Lonza (2). Lonza manufacturers the drug substance for the Moderna injections. Revolving door, or what?

Based on my experience, knowledge, and training as a biopharmaceutical supply chain management and regulatory consultant, and owner of PharmaFlow Limited(3), CV (4)

1. https://data-lead.com/person/name/David+Churchward/id/88956210/v/99c80

2. https://www.lonza.com/news/2021-04-29-05-00

3. https://www.pharmaflowltd.com/company/

4. https://www.dropbox.com/s/v3yks45fubbgbls/CV_HR_JULY_2022.pdf?dl=0

Patent US2021/082583A1

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(54) METHODS AND SYSTEMS OF PRIORITIZING TREATMENTS, VACCINATION, TESTINGAND /OR ACTIVITIES WHILE PROTECTING THE PRIVACY OF INDIVIDUALS